1 Samuel 21:13
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Bible > 1 Samuel > Chapter 21 > Verse 13
1 Samuel 21:13
| ← 1 Samuel 21:12 | 1 Samuel 21:13 (KJV) | 1 Samuel 21:14 → |
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And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.
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And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.
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Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?
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Verse Text
KJV with Strong's NumbersKing James (Authorized) Version: the 1769 standard text in its Cambridge form of about 1900. Public domain.
And he changedH8138 his behaviourH2940 beforeH5869 them, and feigned himself madH1984 in their handsH3027, and scrabbledH8427 on the doorsH1817 of the gateH8179, and let his spittleH7388 fall downH3381 upon his beardH2206.
Original HebrewSource: Westminster Leningrad Codex (MorphHB), TAHOT (Tyndale House)
וַיְשַׁנֹּו אֶת־טַעְמֹו בְּעֵינֵיהֶם וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם [וַיְתַו כ] (וַיְתָיו ק) עַל־דַּלְתֹות הַשַּׁעַר וַיֹּורֶד רִירֹו אֶל־זְקָנֹו׃
| Hebrew | Transliteration | Strong's | Morphology | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
וַ/יְשַׁנּ֤/וֹ |
va/y.sha.N/o | H8138 | HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms | and/ he changed/ it |
אֶת |
'et- | H853 | HTo | (obj.) |
טַעְמ/וֹ֙ |
ta'.M/o | H2940 | HNcmsc/Sp3ms | sense/ his |
בְּ/עֵ֣ינֵי/הֶ֔ם |
be./'Ei.nei./Hem | H5869 | HR/Ncbdc/Sp3mp | in/ view/ their |
וַ/יִּתְהֹלֵ֖ל |
va/i.yit.ho.Lel | H1984 | HC/Vrw3ms | and/ he pretended to be mad |
בְּ/יָדָ֑/ם |
be./ya.Da/m | H3027 | HR/Ncbsc/Sp3mp | in/ hand/ their |
[ו/יתו כ] (וַ/יְתָיו֙ ק) |
[tâvâh כ] (va/y.tav ק) | H8427 כ | [HC/Vpw3ms כ] (Hc/Vpw3ms ק) | (and/ he made marks ק) |
עַל |
'al- | H5921 | HR | on |
דַּלְת֣וֹת |
dal.Tot | H1817 | HNcfpc | (the) doors of |
הַ/שַּׁ֔עַר |
ha./Sha.'ar | H8179 | HTd/Ncmsa | the/ gate |
וַ/יּ֥וֹרֶד |
va/i.Yo.red | H3381 | HC/Vhw3ms | and/ he made to flow down |
רִיר֖/וֹ |
ri.R/o | H7388 | HNcmsc/Sp3ms | spittle/ his |
אֶל |
'el- | H413 | HR | to |
זְקָנֽ/וֹ |
ze.ka.N/o | H2206 | HNcbsc/Sp3ms | beard/ his |
Where the Hebrew text is written one way but traditionally read another, both are shown: [written form כ] (Ketiv) and (read form ק) (Qere).
Strong's References
- H1817 — דֶּלֶת (deleth, deh'-leth): from דָּלָה (dâlâh) H1802; something swinging, i.e. the valve of adoor; door (two-leaved), gate, leaf, lid. (Psalm 141:3).
- H1984 — הָלַל (hâlal, haw-lal'): a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify; (make) boast (self), celebrate, commend, (deal, make), fool(-ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make, feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.
- H2206 — זָקָן (zâqân, zaw-kawn'): from זָקֵן (zâqên) H2204; the beard (as indicating age); beard.
- H2940 — טַעַם (ṭaʻam, tah'-am): from טָעַם (ṭâʻam) H2938; properly, a taste, i.e. (figuratively) perception; by implication, intelligence; transitively, a mandate; advice, behaviour, decree, discretion, judgment, reason, taste, understanding.
- H3027 — יָד (yâd, yawd): a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from כַּף (kaph) H3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows); ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves.
- H3381 — יָרַד (yârad, yaw-rad'): a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications); [idiom] abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, [idiom] indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
- H5869 — עַיִן (ʻayin, ah'-yin): probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape); affliction, outward appearance, [phrase] before, [phrase] think best, colour, conceit, [phrase] be content, countenance, [phrase] displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, [phrase] favour, fountain, furrow (from the margin), [idiom] him, [phrase] humble, knowledge, look, ([phrase] well), [idiom] me, open(-ly), [phrase] (not) please, presence, [phrase] regard, resemblance, sight, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them, [phrase] think, [idiom] us, well, [idiom] you(-rselves).
- H7388 — רִיר (rîyr, reer): from רוּר (rûwr) H7325; saliva; by resemblance, broth; spittle, white (of an egg).
- H8138 — שָׁנָה (shânâh, shaw-naw'): a primitive root; to fold, i.e. duplicate (literally or figuratively); by implication, to transmute (transitive or intransitive); do (speak, strike) again, alter, double, (be given to) change, disguise, (be) diverse, pervert, prefer, repeat, return, do the second time.
- H8179 — שַׁעַר (shaʻar, shah'-ar): from שָׁעַר (shâʻar) H8176 in its original sense; an opening, i.e. door or gate; city, door, gate, port ([idiom] -er).
- H8427 — תָּוָה (tâvâh, taw-vaw'): a primitive root; to mark out, i.e. (primitive) scratch or (definite) imprint; scrabble, set (a mark).
The following Strong's numbers are referenced in the Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) text but were not explicitly tagged in the KJV source:
- H413 — אֵל (ʼêl, ale): (but only used in the shortened constructive form אֶל (ʼel) ); a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e.; near, with or among; often in general, to; about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).
- H853 — אֵת (ʼêth, ayth): apparent contracted from אוֹת (ʼôwth) H226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).
- H5921 — עַל (ʻal, al): properly, the same as עַל (ʻal) H5920 used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.
Cross ReferencesCross-references from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, Enhanced (TSKe) — public domain. The keyword grouping is its editors' own, not our selection.
Verse Cross-References
- changed — Psalms 34:1, Proverbs 29:25, Ecclesiastes 7:7
Reciprocal references (1): Genesis 27:24
Related Topics
- Thompson Chain: BEARD; SIMPLICITY-DUPLICITY
- Torrey’s: BEARD, THE; DECEIT; TREES
- Nave’s: ACHISH; BEARD; DAVID; DECEPTION; DISSEMBLING; FALSEHOOD; GATH; INSANITY; MALINGERING; PHILISTINES
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